四重证据法视域下的吐蕃苯教卜者群体研究

苯教卜者是吐蕃社会的一个特殊群体,他们广泛分布于吐蕃统治阶层和底层民间社会。他们不仅在吐蕃政权事务决策中起关键性作用,而且在民间扮演着知者的角色,为庶民排忧解难,引领庶民的生产生活,对吐蕃社会影响甚大。然而以往学界对其关注较少,始终处于吐蕃史研究的边缘。文章利用传世文献、出土文献、民族学资料及考古资料四重证据,以期呈现吐蕃苯教卜者群体的基本面貌。

On the Bon Diviners Group of the Tubo Period with the Method of Four Ways Evidence

Bon diviners are a special social group during the Tubo period.They were from both the ruling class and the bottom of the society.They not only played a key role in the decision-making of the Tubo regime,but also the role asknowledgeable peoplein the civil society to solve the problems of common people and guided their life and production.Therefore,the Bon diviners had a great influence in Tubo’s society.However,in the past,the academia paid little attention to this group,which has never been the focus of the researches on Tubo’s history.This author made full use of the research materials of handed-down documents,Dunhuang manuscripts,ethnological and archaeological materials to present the basic features of the Bon diviners of the Tubo through interweaving four evidences of the research.