复杂性的定义,对象与层次问题:一个综述

首先概要性地回顾了复杂性认知的沿革,指出了当前复杂性研究兴起的背景和原因.然后,对现代复杂性研究中的3个重要问题:定义问题,对象问题和层次问题进行了评价.定义问题:对现有几种定义的特点,以及现阶段能否给出恰当的定义的争论进行了评述;对象问题:分析了目前存在的4种趋势,既有直接研究抽象和具体对象的区别,也有不直接选择研究对象,但基于方法论和基于系统思辩探讨复杂问题研究途径的区别;层次问题:指出对象的差异也导致了当前复杂性探讨层面的差异,即出现了同时在方法,方法论和系统思辩3种不同层面展开复杂性研究的局面.通过分析和评价这些区别,指出了当前的复杂性研究为什么会出现这种既繁荣又难以相互融通的局面.

Definition, object and level in complexity researches: A brief review

This paper outlines the complexity thinking and cognition development in history,shows the spring up background and reasons of today's complexity researches,and carries out a brief review on the three aspects of temporary researching problems.On the problem of definition: several kinds of exesiting definitions about complexity and their characteristics are listed and disscussed,and the disputes on the time suitability of definition determination are analyzed.On the problem of objects: the trends of four kinds of complexity objects in researching selection,such as abstract/concrete objects,and no object but probing complex problems based on methodology and system thinkings are analyzed.On the problem of level: this paper disscusses the consequence of researching level difference caused by the object diversity,and gives an explaination why the researches on complexity at present time emerge the characteristics of both booming and divisities.