利用沼泽红假单胞菌降低地下岩溶水中硫酸盐含量的研究

地下岩溶水中含有大量Ca2+、Mg2+、Na+、K+、SO42-离子,具有高矿化度、高硬度、高硫酸盐含量的特质,不能直接使用;利用微生物降解处理岩溶水有益于保护环境.实验选用沼泽红假单胞菌(Rhodopseudanonas palustris),分别采用单独使用沼泽红假单胞菌处理、加入沼泽红假单胞菌生长所需营养成分处理、用聚合氯化铝絮凝沼泽红假单胞菌处理等三种方法,对小店区地下岩溶水中的硫酸盐进行处理,旨在降低硫酸盐含量,达到饮用水标准,有效利用山西省太原市小店区的水资源.结果显示,沼泽红假单胞菌可以降解岩溶水的硫酸盐,且用聚合氯化铝絮凝沼泽红假单胞菌后在厌氧光照条件下处理效果更好,可以使硫酸盐含量由原来的1 996.91 mg/L降为720.24mg/L.单独使用沼泽红假单胞菌处理时,当菌液体积比岩溶水体积为1:3,处理4d时,岩溶水中硫酸盐含量降到最低,且菌密度呈下降趋势；加入沼泽红假单胞菌生长所需的营养成分后,其菌密度随处理时间的延长而增大,水中硫酸盐含量呈降低趋势；用浓度为0.01 mol/L的聚合氯化铝絮凝沼泽红假单胞菌,60 min菌体絮凝效果最佳,同时用其处理岩溶水中的硫酸盐效果更好.

Effects of Photosynthetic Bacterium Rhodopseudanonas palustris on Reduction Sulphate Contents in the Karst Water

Underground karst water contains large amounts ions of Ca2+,Mg2+,Na+,K+ and SO2-4,with the characteristics of higher salinity,higher hardness,higher sulphate content,and it could not be used directly.It is beneficial to protect the environment by using of microbial degradation to deal with the karst water.The authors choosed photosynthetic bacterium,Rhodopseudanonas palustris,to handle the karst water with three kinds of methods in order to reduce the sulphate content in Xiaodian,Taiyuan,Shanxi province and to meet drinking water standards.One way is only use of R.palustris.Two way is adding growth nutrients of R.palustris required.The last way is polymerization aluminium chlorination(PAC) flocculation R.palustris.The results showed that R.palustris not only could decrease the sulfate of the karst water under anaerobic light conditions,but also could reduce the sulfate content from 1 996.91 mg/L to 720.24 mg/L.Meanwhile,it is better with the treatment effect of PAC flocculation R.palustris.The sulfate content of the karst water was down to the lowest when used R.palustris to process the karst water for four days with the R.palustris ratio the karst water 1∶3,and bacterial density showed a downward trend.The sulfate content in the krast water was reduced when added the nutrients needed of R.palustris growth,and bacterial density increased with treatment time.It is better effect to deal with karst water of sulfate when using 0.01 mol / L PAC flocculation R.palustris for 60 min.