试析皮克林实践研究转向的根源及意义

安德鲁.皮克林(Andrew Pickering)在20世纪80年代初以托马斯.库恩的新旧范式不可通约论及爱丁堡学派的"利益模式"来解释高能物理学的发展,但随后深入的研究发现,单纯的社会学解释不能解决科学知识增长的动力以及客观性与相对性的矛盾等问题。80年代后期皮克林回到物质实践的维度,以实验室中科学家通过物质仪器的实践活动来理解科学知识的增长,实现了从社会学解释向实践研究的转向。他的实践转向不但给SSK带来了新的活力,也给80年代以来相对比较沉闷的科学哲学新的启发。

On the Reason and Mining of Pickering''''s Practice Turning

Andrew Pickering has explained the historical development of HEP according to Kuhn's concept of incommensurability and the Interests Model of Edinburgh School in the early 1980's.But after a detailed examination later,he found that only with the sociological account,he could not resolve the dynamic system of knowledge producing and the conflict between objectivity and relativism.Later in the end of 1980's,Pickering came back to the dimension of material practice.He explained that the scientific knowledge was produced with the practice of scientists through apparatus in the Lab.Not only his practice turning brought some new concepts to the Social Study of Science,but was also an excited element to the relative poverty of philosophy of science.