乳化活性亚组分对含聚污水的稳定作用及处理对策

通过对比胜利油田孤二联和孤五联污水中部分水解聚丙烯酰胺(HPAM)含量、亚组分组成及含量的差别,深入研究了不同亚组分之间及亚组分与HPAM之间相互作用对乳状液稳定性影响的规律,并通过研究乳化活性亚油分及HPAM对不同处理剂作用效果的影响,提出了含聚污水的处理对策.研究结果表明:孤二联含聚污水比孤五联含聚污水稳定性强的原因是污水中三氯甲烷萃取物含量高,而且高酸值亚组分SF31的含量高.HPAM与强极性亚组分SF31、SF42有很强的相互作用,当HPAM质量浓度大于200mg·L-1时,乳状液很稳定,污水中油含量高.HPAM的盐敏效应导致盐质量浓度超过1800mg·L-1后,乳状液的稳定性增强,盐质量浓度超过7000mg·L-1以后,Zeta电位变成正值.因此,含聚污水不易用聚铝、低相对分子质量高阳离子度有机絮凝剂处理,而应用高相对分子质量阳离子型聚丙烯酰胺(CPAM)进行处理.CPAM与污水中HPAM在较宽的浓度范围内都有很强的协同絮凝作用.

Study on the performances of emulsifying active sub-fractions in polymer-flooding produced water and its treatment

By the investigation of the differences in the composition and concentration of sub-fractions and content of partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide(HPAM)in polymer flooding produced water between two areas (Gudao2# and Gudao5#) of Gudao oilfield,the effect laws of the interactions among the sub-fractions and between the sub-fractions and HPAM on the stability of the simulated emulsion are studied.And according to the study on the influences of emulsified active oil component and HPAM on the effect results of different treatment agents,some measures for the treatment of the polymer-flooding produced water are presented.The results show that the contents of HPAM and the polar substances extracted by CHCl3 and the sub-fraction SF31 whose acid value is the highest among six sub-fractions in the produced water of Gudao2# are higher than those in the produced water of Gudao5#.The strong interaction between HPAM and the polar sub-fractions such as SF31 and SF42 is observed,and it is shown that the emulsion is extremely stabile and the oil content in the produced water is high when the mass concentration of HPAM is more than 200 mg·L-1.The emulsion is more stable when the mass concentration is more than 1 800 mg/L and Zeta-potential becomes positive as the mass concentration is more than 7 000 mg·L-1 in the present of HPAM.Therefore the interaction between HPAM and salt is a key factor to impact the treatment efficiency of the polymer-flooding produced water.Because of the strong synergistic flocculation between cationic polyacrylamide (CPAM,as flocculant) and HPAM contained in the produced water,the CPAM has a better treatment result for the polymer flooding produced water in Gudao oilfield than other flocculants such as PAC and PDMDAA.