吐蕃时期的藏文文献编纂问题

澄清和梳理吐蕃时期的文献翻译和文献编纂史中的疑难问题,是整个藏文文献研究领域中的一个难题。藏文史料中明文记载,公元4世纪印度佛教和医学文献正式传入吐蕃;公元7世纪几十部文献正式翻译成藏文,并编纂成《观自在显密二十一部》丛书;公元8世纪编纂多种《十万般若》丛书;公元9世纪,将历经两个多世纪翻译的经典文献,先后编纂为三大目录体系。这些吐蕃时期翻译的文献和编纂的丛书,以及三大目录,大部分收入到《甘珠尔》、《丹珠尔》中。文章梳理了吐蕃时期不同阶段的文献编纂史,还引用大量可信而详实的藏文原著中的资料,对当今部分学者的某些误解和质疑进行了纠正和解答。

On the Issue of Tibetan Literature Compiling during the Tubo Period

It is a tough issue to clarify and sort out the difficult problems of Tibetan literature translation and compiling during the Tubo period. Tibetan historical documents record that Indian Buddhism and medical literature were formally introduced to Tibet in the 4th century AD; dozens of literature were translated into Ti- betan and compiled into Avalokitasvara 21 Volumes of Sutra and Mantra series in the 7th century; 100 Thou- sands Paramitayana series was compiled in the 8th century; the past translated classical literature was com- piled into three main directories in the 9th century. All these literature has being compiled in Translation of Commandments (Kayur) and Translation of Commentaries (Tenyur). By sorting out the literature compiling his- tory in different periods of Tubo Kingdom and citing a large number of credible and original information Ti- betan works, the paper attempts to clarify some mistakes and misunderstandings among various scholars and tries to find a more correct research route.