巴西橡胶有节乳管组织发育的研究

应用新方法研究了巴西橡胶（ＨｅｖｅａｂｒａｓｉｌｉｅｎｓｉｓＭｕｌ．Ａｒｇ．）树皮中有节乳管组织的发育过程和不同发育时期乳管组织的形态结构及其对橡胶树产胶的作用．研究结果表明，有节乳管组织是由维管形成层产生的乳管原细胞分化形成的，其进一步发育可分为发育早期、成熟期和衰老期三个时期，每个时期具有不同的形态结构特征．发育早期的乳管组织网状结构不完整，乳管数量少，直径、长度小，乳管间接合管数量也少．这时的乳管组织对胶树橡胶产量作用不大．成熟期的乳管组织形成了稳定且较致密的网状结构，乳管数量多，直径及长度大，接合管数量也多，是树皮中主要产胶的乳管组织．衰老期的乳管组织网状结构受到破坏，乳管组织分布较稀疏，乳管内乳胶开始凝固并逐步消失，已失去产胶能力．

Study on Development of Articulated Laticiferous Tissue of Hevea brasiliensis

A new method is applied in study of developmental process of articulated laticiferous tissue in the bark of Hevea brasiliensis .Its morphological st4ructure at the different stages of development and influence on the latex yield of the rubber tree are also investigated.Research results reveal that the articulated laticiferous tissue in the bark is formed by laticiferous initial cells which originate from vascular cambium.Its developmental process can be distinguished into three continuous stages:early,mature and aged.At the early stage,the laticiferous tissue forms an incomplete reticulated structure,and the laticifers with fewer conjugation tubes are also fewer in number,and shorter in length and diameter.It has no contribution to the latex yield of the rubber tree.At the mature stage,the laticiferous tissue becomes stable and compact in the reticulate structure,which consists of large number of conjugation tubes and laticifers with longer diameters and lengths.It plays the most important role in latex yield.At the aged stage,the laticiferous tissue is destructed in the reticulated structure and spreads more sparsely,and the latex in the laticifers begins to coagulate and disappear gradually.It has no ability to the latex production.