大红鹳在中国的分布现状与潜在适宜分布区预测

对大红鹳(Phoenicopterus roseus)在中国的分布记录进行了详细汇总和分析, 绘制了大红鹳在中国的最新分布图. 结合近年来相关文献和目击记录分析, 推测出现在中国的大红鹳有可能是从临近的南亚-中亚种群扩散而来. 根据多年来稳定的秋冬季观测记录, 认为大红鹳在中国的居留类型为旅鸟和罕见冬候鸟. 使用MaxEnt生态位模型预测其在中国的潜在适宜分布区, 结果达到良好水平. 预测发现: 在黑龙江的三江平原和松嫩平原、辽宁的辽东湾、内蒙古的海拉尔和巴彦淖尔等地区以及山东半岛都有大红鹳的适宜分布生境, 其潜在适宜生境的分布概率高达80%以上, 但这些区域迄今尚未有任何目击记录. 因此推测, 随着时间的推移, 大红鹳在我国的分布区有可能会继续扩大, 在上述潜在适宜生境地区有望发现其踪迹. 

Distribution of Greater Flamingo in China

Since the first record of Greater Flamingo (Phoenicopterus roseus) was made in Xinjiang in 1997,a total of 144 individuals from 54 records in 19 provinces and cities in China have been recorded,sightings were made mainly from September to January (89.6％ of individuals,129 out of 144),with the majority being juveniles (79.2％,114 out of 144).These records show similarities with the study of Greater Flamingo in Southern Europe Individuals were able to migrate a long distance;the selection of wintering grounds varied among juveniles.It is possible that,these Greater Flamingos may be from nearby breeding colonies in south and central Asia.Based on the regular wintering records,we suggest that Phoenicopterus roseus should be transient migrants and are winter visitors in China.According to MaxEnt ecological niche model,the distribution possibilities at Sanjiang,Songnen Plain in Heilongjiang Province,Liaodong Bay in Liaoning Province,Hailar and Bayannur in Inner Mongolia and Shandong Peninsula was up to 80％,however so far there has been no recorded sighing.We would like to predict that the above areas will be the new habitat of Phoenicopterus roseus over time.