基于高锰酸钾及氯化锰对大型蚤毒性效应的水质应急监测技术

利用LC50 - 24 h作为1个毒性单位（Toxic Unit,TU）,探讨了利用高锰酸钾及氯化锰对24-48 h龄大型蚤急性毒性效应,实现水体污染事故的应急监测.结果表明,高锰酸钾对大型蚤的LC50 - 24 h为0.187 mg/L,属于高毒类,氯化锰对大型蚤的LC50 - 24 h为579 mg/L,属于低毒类.在1,2,5,10,20,50TU暴露下,高锰酸钾导致大型蚤半数死亡时间分别为24h、5.9h、2.9h、1.4h、0.9h和0.6h,氯化锰导致大型蚤半数死亡时间分别为24h、8.6h、4.7h、1.7h、0.8h和0.4h,表明半数死亡时间与浓度呈现明显幂指数关系,可以实现水体污染事故应急监测的定性和半定量分析.因此,本项技术可以对水体污染状况和程度实现原位快速检测.

THE EMERGENCY MONITORING OF POTASSIUM PERMANGANATE AND MANGANESE CHLORIDE BASED ON THE TOXIC EFFECTS OF DAPHNIA MAGNA

In this study, LC50 -24 h was regarded as one TU to discuss the technology of emergency monito- ring of potassium permanganate and manganese chloride pollution used Daphnia magna with life stage of 24 - 48 h. The results showed that the LCs0 -24 h of potassium permanganate and manganese chloride was 0. 187 mg/L and 579 mg/L respectively. In the exposure of 1,2, 5, 10, 20, and 50 Tu potassium permanganate, the Time of Half Lethal （THL） was 24 h, 5.9 h, 2.9 h, 1.4 h, 0.9 h and 0.6 h respectively, and in the exposure of 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, and 50 TU manganese chloride, THL was 24 h, 8.6 h, 4.7 h, 1.7 h, 0.8 h and 0.4 h respectively. It suggested that it was evident negative relationship between the exposure concentration and the half death time. THL could reflect the pollution level, and with the help of THL, qualitative and quantitative analysis could be made on the emergency accidents. Meanwhile, the behavioral responses of Daphnia magna could be used in the analysis of emergency accidents.