健康老龄化的“地方”实践

 世界卫生组织以积极老龄化框架为基础，提出了健康老龄化的行动计划。梳理了成功老龄化、积极老龄化和健康老龄化等概念；从健康地理学视角解析了地方、地方感和疗养性景观等概念在研究老龄化过程中的应用，阐述了从就地养老到适地养老理念的变化；总结了健康老龄化在社区和养老机构中的实践，并建议将顶层设计与地方实践相结合，促进健康老龄化的实现。

Practice of health aging in place

Based on the framework of the active aging, the World Health Organization has put forward an action plan for healthy aging. This paper explains the concepts of the successful aging, the active aging and the healthy aging. This paper reviews the application of the concepts of the place, the sense of the place and the therapeutic landscape in the study of the experiences and the meanings of the aging process from the perspective of the health geography, and identifies the transformations of the theoretical ideas from the aging in the place to the aging in the right place. This paper also reviews the policy practice of the healthy aging, as well as the practice of the aging in the right place in communities and the residential care facilities. In the summary and the discussions, it is shown that the aging in the place is a choice for the majority of the elderly in China, and the residential care as an option for the aging in the right place provides a supplement for the aging in the place. There is still a gap between the practice and the theory of the healthy aging. It is suggested that the top-level design should be combined with the local practice to promote the healthy aging.