陇南油橄榄加工废弃物中食品功能因子分析以及对小鼠急慢性毒理研究

实验中检测陇南油橄榄加工废弃物油橄榄果水和果渣中食品功能因子，用基础饲料喂养7 d后的小鼠，一次性空腹灌胃 20000、25000、30000 mg /kg·bw标准的油橄榄果渣粉和10、20、40 mL/kg·bw标准的油橄榄果水，开展小鼠急性毒理实验，同时以400 mg/kg·bw的标准和5 mL/kg·bw的标准连续空腹灌胃90 d，以生理盐水为对照组，开展小鼠慢性毒理实验。观察一次性空腹灌胃7 d后和连续灌胃90 d后小鼠生活状态和异常反应，检测小鼠体重、重要脏器的变化，血清中超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）的活力变化，以及丙二醛（MDA）的含量变化。结果显示果水中有16种食品功能因子，占比16.90%，果渣中含有有38种食品功能因子，占比50.07%。急慢性毒理实验说明油橄榄果渣和果水能显著提高小鼠血清中的SOD、CAT和GSH-Px活力，显著降低血清中的MDA含量，少量降低小鼠体重但是影响其生理功能，同时病理解剖未发现明显异常。陇南油橄榄加工废弃物中食品功能因子众多，营养丰富，且均无急慢性毒理作用，还具有降低体重和抗氧化能力。

ANALYSIS OF FOOD FACTORS IN PROCESSING WASTE OF LONGNAN OLIVE AND ITS ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY TO MICE

The food functional factors in the fruit water and residue of olive were detected, and the mice were fed with basic diet for 7 days, the acute toxicity of olive pomace powder (20000, 25000, 30000 mg/kg·bw) and olive fruit water (mg/kg·bw) was studied in mice, at the same time, 400 mg/kg·bw and 5 mL/kg·bw were given to mice for 90 days, and the normal saline was used as the control. To observe the life state and abnormal reaction of mice after one-time fasting gastric perfusion for 7 days and continuous gastric perfusion for 90 days, and to detect the changes of body weight and important organs of mice, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in serum and the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured. The results showed that there were 16 and 38 kinds of food functional factors in fruit water (16.90%) and fruit residue (50.07%) respectively. The results of acute and chronic toxicological test showed that olive pomace and fruit could significantly increase the activities of SOD, CAT and GSH-Px in serum of mice, significantly decrease the content of MDA in serum and reduce the body weight of mice, and no obvious abnormality was found in pathological anatomy. There are many food functional factors in the processing waste of olive in Longnan, which are rich in nutrition and have no acute or chronic toxicological effects.