唐山市水稻田土壤施硅肥对作物产量的影响

唐山市各县区长期种植水稻 ,逐渐表现出缺硅现象 :群体植株高度下降 ,茎叶变软 ,叶片披垂 ,易感病 ,籽粒空秕率高 ,导致产量降低。水稻田灌溉水有效硅含量 :沿海地区平均 1 2 92mg/kg ;内陆地区平均 2 37mg/kg。水稻田土壤有效硅含量 :沿海地区平均 74 57mg/kg ;内陆地区平均 59 63mg/kg。水稻田施用硅肥的最佳施肥量 :沿海地区施有效硅 1 2 1 5kg/hm2 ;内陆地区底施有效硅 1 61 6kg/hm2 。水稻田施硅增产的因子有 4个方面 :1、促进根系发育 ,增加白根数量 ,减少红、黑根数量 ,提高根系的吸收能力 ;2、提高植株有效分蘖和成穗率 ,减少养分消耗 ;3、增加植株高度 ,使茎叶健壮 ,提高抗病性 ;4、从产量结构分析 ,穗数、穗粒数、千粒重均增加 ,从而增高单位面积产量

EFFECT OF SILICON FERTILIZER ON CROP YIELD IN RICE FIELD SOIL OF TANGSHAN CITY

At every county of Tangshan city, the farmers have planted rice for many years, but a shortage of silicon in rice exists: the lowering of group plant height; the softening of stems and leaves; the drooping of blades; getting diseases easily; high rate of blighted grain and leading to a low output The effective silicon content of irrigating water used in rice field is: in the coastal area, the average content is 12 92 mg/kg; in the inland area, it is 2 37 mg/kg The effective silicon content of rice field soil is: in the coastal area, the average content is 74 57 mg/kg; in the inland area it is 59 63 mg/kg The best silicon fertilizer quantity used in the rice field is: in the coastal area, it is 121 5 kg/hm 2; in the inland area, it is 161 6 kg/hm 2 The factors of increasing rice output of applying silicon fertilizer in rice field are: 1 accelerating the growth of root system, increasing the quantity of the white roots, decreasing the quantity of red and black roots, improving the absorbing ability of root system; 2 raising plant effective branch division and the rate of ripe spikes, decreasing the assumption of nutrient; 3 increasing the plant height to make stems and leaves strong, improve the resistance to diseases; 4 analyzed from the output structure, the number of spikes, spike grains and the weight of a thousand seeds increased to raise the yield of unit area