SSK对科学人文主义的叛逆--SSK对科学知识的解蔽及其后果

波兰尼的意会认知理论指出,人类知识大多是只可意会不可言传的“个人知识”,这种知识是“两种文化”的桥梁,它的“支援成分”是不可解蔽的。波兰尼的理论是有缺陷的,解蔽科学知识不仅必要且有可能,SSK试图沿着波兰尼的线路把这种可能变为现实。然而,其结果却导致了“科学知识只是一种社会建构”的结论,科学的客观性和真理性因此被彻底消解了。这种解蔽显然是过犹不及的,其后果是在客观上对萨顿、波兰尼等人倡导和实践的科学人文主义的叛逆与反动。

SSK's Treachery Against Scientific Humanism

In accordance with Michael Polanyi's Tacit Knowing Theory, most human knowledge is something that belongs to a category of "personal knowledge .which can be apprehended only but not expressed. Therefore, the personal knowledge is the bridge of "two cultures" and its subsidiary awareness can t be revealed. Polanyi's theory has its own shortcomings and the revealing of scientific knowledge not only is essential but also has possible. Adopting Polanyi's train of thought, SSK attempts to turn the possibility into reality. But unexpectedly, the conclusions that SSK lead to the truth and objectivity of the science is thoroughly cleared up for the moment the conclusion has been reached that the scientific knowledge is only a social construction. Obviously, this kind of interpretation is going too far,and the result of which is in effect against the scientific humanism advocated by George Sarton and Michael Polanyi.