| 从功能主义到交换理论:科学奖励系统研究的范式转变 |
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| 引用本文： | 杨立雄,邝小军.从功能主义到交换理论:科学奖励系统研究的范式转变[J].自然辩证法研究,2005,21(2):44-46,54. |
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| 作者姓名： | 杨立雄 邝小军 |
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| 作者单位： | 湖南师范大学,社会学系,湖南,长沙,410081 |
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| 摘 要： | 科学社会学的默顿范式认为科学奖励系统的实质是承认,这根源于它的功能主义范式以及"科学中的社会"的研究取向.随着小科学向大科学的转变,默顿范式的缺陷与不足日益暴露出来.哈格斯特洛姆、李克特、拉图尔和伍尔加等人以"社会中的科学"为研究取向,运用交换理论的范式对科学奖励进行分析,认为其实质是交换.
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| 关 键 词： | 科学奖励 功能主义 交换理论 范式 |
| 文章编号： | 1000-8934(2005)02-0044-03 |
From Structural Functionalism to Social Exchange Theory: The Change of Research Paradigms on Reward in Science |
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| YANG Li-xiong,KUANG Xiao-jun.From Structural Functionalism to Social Exchange Theory: The Change of Research Paradigms on Reward in Science[J].Studies In Dialectics of Nature,2005,21(2):44-46,54. |
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| Authors: | YANG Li-xiong KUANG Xiao-jun |
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| Abstract: | Merton thinks that the essential of the reward system in science is peer recognition.Its root comes from the paradigm of structural functionalism and the mindset of "society in science".With the change from small science to big science,Merton'model is exposing out with shortage increasingly.Some people,such as Warren O.Hagstrom,Maurice N.Richter,B.Latour and S.Woolgar,think that the essential of the reward system in science is based on the paradigm of social exchange theory and the mindset of "science in society". |
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| Keywords: | reward system in science structural functionalism social exchange theory paradigm |
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