我国水土流失发生的原因、危害和防治途径

中国是世界上水土流失最严重的国家之一，水土流失已成为我国的头号环境问题．它不仅造成土地资源的破坏，导致农业生产环境恶化，生态平衡失调，水灾旱灾频繁，而且妨碍社会经济的发展和人民生活水平的提高．从自然条件和人为因素等方面出发，探讨了我国水土流失产生的原因；分析了水土流失对耕地资源、旱涝灾害、水资源利用、经济发展等方面的影响；介绍了水土保持的一些有效途径和措施。

WATER LOSS AND SOIL EROSION:ITS CAUSES HARMFUL EFFECTS AND PREVENTION

Water loss and soil erosion is one of the most serious environment problems in China,which has slowed down the social and economic development in some rural areas.In some places of China,it has resulted in the arable degradation,soil desertification,filling up of irrigation works,and the increase of droughts and floods,etc.In consequence,the agricultural condition and ecological environment there become worse and worse.The causes of water loss and soil erosion include both unfavorable natural conditions and irrational land use,such as deforestation for cultivated land use.After analyzing the causes of soil erosion and its harms to the natural environment and human living,the author suggested some strategies for water and soil conservation,such as ecological engineering,reforestation and the application of biological technology.