我国部分家鸭和野鸭遗传多样性及亲缘关系的AFLP分析

利用AFLP技术分析我国8种常见家鸭和2种野鸭基因组DNA的多态性，在选取的17对引物中，有9对能得到重复性好的多态性扩增条带．每对引物扩增带数在44-83之间．共得到513个标记位点，其中498个为多态位点，多态位点比率达97．1％；根据AFLP图谱计算了不同样品间的遗传距离（D）和相似性系数（GS）．家鸭品种间的遗传距离在0．331～0．589范围内，绿头鸭、斑嘴鸭与家鸭品种（系）间的遗传距离分别在0．298～0．520和0．316～0．522之间．方差分析表明两组数据不存在显著差异（p〉0．05），由此得知绿头鸭和斑嘴鸭在家鸭品种的形成过程中都作出了贡献．并根据D值绘制了它们的聚类图谱．

Analysis of Genetic Diversity and Relationship Among Some Chinese Domestic Ducks and Wild Ducks Using AFLP

Amplified fragment length polymorphic technique was used to estimate the genomic DNA polymorphism among eight species of domestic ducks and two species of wild duck.9 of the 17 AFLP primer pairs gave reproducible polymorphic DNA amplification patterns,and were selected to construct a DNA fingerprinting table to estimate the genetic diversity among the ducks.The amplified bands ranged from 44 to 83 per primer pair.513 AFLP markers were obtained and 498 of them were polymorphic locis.The proportion of polymorphic loci was 97.1%.The genetic distance(D)and similarity coefficients(GS) were calculated based on the polymorphic data.The genetic distance between domestic ducks was 0.331~0.589,while between domestic ducks and the wild ducks was 0.298~0.520(Anas Platyrhynchos) and 0.316~0.522(Anas Poecilorhyncha) respectively,which was not significant in variance.The result indicated that both of mallard and spot-billed duck contributed to domestic duck evolution.A dendrogram by between-groups linkage method with arithmetic means was constructed according to the D value.