中印边界附近帕里河上的滑坡灾害遥感调查

2004年6月22日中印界河-西藏帕里河右岸发生滑坡,滑坡堵塞帕里河形成堰塞湖,随后堰塞湖坝体溃决,下泄洪水对下游的中国境内和境外印度村庄造成一定损失。“西藏帕里河滑坡遥感调查”项目组采用高中分辨率相结合的6种类型共13个时相的卫星数据,以滑坡地学原理为基础,以遥感、地理信息系统与空间定位技术集成的数字滑坡技术对帕里河滑坡灾害进行调查与监测。查明灾害性质为中型快速滑坡,遥感监测表明滑坡整体已滑入河中,该部分斜坡暂时稳定,仅右上侧有少量滑落。查明堰塞湖所在湖盆原为帕里河流经的、逐渐萎缩的高原湖盆,遥感监测了其形成堰塞湖直至溃决的过程。分析表明帕里河如再次堵江溃决,可能受灾的是下游我国境内的卡拉村及楚鲁松杰村,也会在印度造成一定危害。下游村民防灾应以避让为主。

Remote Sensing Survey for a Landslide Disaster in the Boundary River Between China and India

On 22nd June 2004,a landslide disaster occurred in the right bank of the middle reach of the Pali River,a boundary river between China and India.The landslide blocked the Pali River and formed a barrier lake,then,with the dam broken,flood discharged and destroyed villages in China and India near the boundary.AGRS organized "the landslide of the Pali River satellite remote sensing survey" program.With a total of 13 temporal satellite data of 6 types as the data resources,based on "digital landslide" technique,which combines the landslide principle and integrates RS with GPS and GIS,the disaster survey and monitoring is carried out.It is shown that the disaster was caused by a middle scope rapid rock landslide.Two years' monitoring indicates that the whole of 2004-6-22 landslide body has already fallen down to the Pali River and the bank slope where the landslide occurred is now basically stable with only a few upside rock slip.Remote sensing ascertained that the original place of barrier lake was an atrophic lake basin of scale now of 1.3 km2.The entire process from formation of the barrier lake to the lake burst has been monitored by remote sensing.It is predicted that if the Pali River should block again,the Kala and Chulushongjie villages in China will be mostly affected and some villages in India near the boundary may also be affected,so the lower reach villages should seek refuge to avoid the disaster.