试论马丁·路德中晚期的政治思想

维护世俗封建统治秩序是路德一贯的、根本的政治立场。路德对农民战争的态度和他晚期强化世俗政权的主张均是他维护世俗封建统治秩序的一贯立场在新形势下的必然发展,并不意味着他"背叛了人民"。路德中晚期继续坚持维护民族利益;他晚期的政治主张与封建诸侯的政治主张仍有显著差异,某些政治观点包含了与封建等级制度不相容的进步因素。因此路德晚期并未"成为诸侯的奴仆",而是坚持了当时先进的市民阶级的政治立场和主张。

On Martin Luther's Political Views from 1521 to 1546

Luther supported the existing secular ruling authority of feudalism from his early days, which he maintained throughout his life. He never agreed with the common people's violent fight against the feudal rulers. His opposition to the people's fight, therefore, was not an act of betrayal. During the years from 1521 to 1546, Luther continued to defend national interests. He advocated some bourgeois views. His ideas were quite different from those of the feudal princes. He was not a servant of the feudal princes but a progressive bourgeois reformer.