马蹄参属的起源和地理分布

根据现代理分布及近缘化石的分布状况，讲座了马蹄参属的起源和地理分布，划定了该属植物的分布区类型，确认马蹄参属曾广泛分布于欧亚大陆和北美洲，可能于晚白垩纪起源于中、西欧，散布途径主要有两条：从起源地经西亚沿提特斯海北岸传播进入东南亚和中国南部；从起源地经格陵兰群岛进入北美洲。马蹄参属的现代分布格局主要是由以下三方面因素形成的：气候变迁、地史变迁、植物自身生物特性及对不良环境的适应能力。

The Origin and Distribution of Genus Diplopanax Hand. Mazz.

On the basis of modern distribution and fossil remains of Diplopanax and its relatives, the origin and distribution of Diplopanax were discussed. The distribution pattern of Diplopanax was defined. Diplopanax widely occurred in Eurasia and North America. The origin of Diplopanax could be probably determined at the early period of upper Cretaceous in Middle or West Europe. It dispersed mainly by two routes: From the origin locality via West Asia to the Southeast Asia and South China along the north of the Tethyan Sea. From the origin locality via Greenland bridge to North America. The formation of the modern distribution pattern and reasons for this formation might be concluded as follows: the shift of climate, the shift of earth history, and biological characters of itself.