川芎超声浸提物的GC-MS分析

采用气相色谱质谱(GC-MS)联用技术对川芎的超声浸提物进行了分析,发现其主要成分为内酯类化合物.样品采用超声波处理后,GC-MS分离出了2种含量相对较低的未见报道的内酯,它们分别占到总内酯质量分数的0.36%和0.31%.浸提溶剂采用了3种(三氯甲烷、石油醚和酸性乙醇),并对3种不同溶剂的浸提物进行分析比较,结果显示用三氯甲烷和石油醚为溶剂可高效提取川芎中挥发性成分,而酸性乙醇提取脂肪酸类物质时优于上述2种溶剂.无论采用哪种溶剂超声浸提,川芎提取物中主要成分为内酯,萜类物质和脂肪酸类居次.

GC-MS Analysis of Chemical Constituents Extracted from Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort. by Ultrasonic Extraction

Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort.is a kind of traditional Chinese herb.Its effective substances are mainly lactones,which can not be extracted completely when using simple methods because some lactones are hiden in the cell wall.In this paper,we use ultrasound to break cell wall and then immerse in organic solvent at 63 ℃ in order to extract latones completely.The extracts were analyzed by GC-MS.Two kinds of lactones named 3-methyl-phthalide and 2(1,3H)-1-isobenzofuranone,3-butadiene-4,5-dihydro-,are discovered,whose mass fraction are 0.36 % and 0.31 % in total contents of lactones.To our knowledge,they have not been reported yet.Three solvents were used to extract Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort in this experiment,they were chloroform,petroleum ether and the mixture of ethyl alcohol and water(V/V 80/20,pH = 1).When volatile constituents are extracted,chloroform and petroleum ether have higher extraction efficiency.On the other hand,when fatty acids are extracted the mixture alcohol and water is more effective.Using any of the above solvents,the main constituents in Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort.are lactones,terpenes and fatty acids are the second.