基于改进人工势场法的多无人机三维编队路径规划

针对传统人工势场法的障碍物附近目标不可达、存在局部极小点和振荡的问题对势场函数进行分析和改进,以保证目标点为势场的全局最小点。在动态势场中,引入是否陷入局部极小点的判断机制,并结合一种“沿目标方向90°移动”的方法来跳出局部极小点,实现多无人机编队的路径规划、协同避障和防碰撞。利用回归搜索法来对路径进一步优化。MATLAB的仿真结果显示,该方法有效地弥补了传统人工势场法的不足,提高了人工势场法的实用性。

Multi-UAV 3D Formation Path Planning Based on Improved Artificial Potential Field

Focusing on the GNRON (goal nonreachable with obstacles nearby), the local minima and chattering of the traditional artificial potential field method, the potential field functions are improved and analyzed to guarantee the goal is the global minimum. In the dynamic potential field, a mechanism of judging whether to fall into local minima is introduced, a method of “moving along the orientation of 90° of goal direction” is used to jump out of the local minima, and the path planning of multi-UAV formation, the synergistic obstacle avoidance and collision prevention are achieved. The path is optimized by applying the regression search method. Simulation results show that the drawbacks of the conventional artificial potential field are solved effectively, and the practicability of the artificial potential field is enhanced.