乡村振兴视角下重庆市江津区乡村发展现状与脱贫攻坚项目匹配分析

以重庆市江津区为例, 从乡村振兴战略的角度, 通过构建“乡村发展现状评价–乡村类型划分–脱贫攻坚项目实施预评价”分析框架, 进行项目实施之前的预诊断, 甄别乡村发展优势与短板, 研究其与脱贫攻坚项目的匹配情况, 得到如下结果。1) 江津区全区统筹规划的评价平均值为0.080, 乡村聚集程度较低, 高值区主要分布在北部与东部; 基础设施的评价平均值为0.819, 基础设施建设较好, 形成一条南部两翼低值环绕带; 人居环境的评价平均值为0.713, 形成一条南部高值环绕带与一条北部低值带。2) 江津区241个乡村根据发展现状可以划分为15种类型, 数量最多的“规划一般－基建一般－环境一般”类型乡村有64个, 零散分布在北部, 该类型乡村实施的脱贫攻坚项目数量为12个, 明显多于其他类型乡村。3) 江津区脱贫攻坚项目的实施地集中在西部与南部。从江津区全域和每个项目实施地的乡村发展类型来看, 改善统筹规划和基础设施类的脱贫攻坚项目与全区乡村发展现状的匹配度较高, 但改善人居环境的脱贫攻坚项目仅有3个。

Analysis of Rural Development Status and the Poverty Alleviation Projectfrom the Perspective of Rural Revitalization in Jiangjin District of Chongqing

Taking Jiangjin District of Chongqing as an example, from the perspective of the rural revitalization strategy, the pre-diagnosis before the project implementation is carried out by constructing the analysis framework of “rural development status evaluation-type of country-pre-evaluation of poverty alleviation project” to identify the advantages and disadvantages of rural development. The results show that the average evaluation of the overall planning in Jiangjin District is 0.080, and high-value area is mainly distributed in the north and east of Jiangjin District. The average evaluation of infrastructure in Jiangjin District is 0.819, forming a southern low-value surrounding zone. The average evaluation of living environment is 0.713, forming a southern high-value surrounding zone and a northern low-value zone. According to the current development status, 241 villages in Jiangjin District can be divided into 15 types. The largest number of “planned general-foundation-generalenvironmental general” type is 64, scattered in the northern part of Jiangjin District. The number of poverty alleviation projects implemented in this type of village is 12, which is significantly more than other types of villages. The implementation of the poverty alleviation project in Jiangjin District is mainly concentrated in the west and the south. From the perspective of the type of rural development in the Jiangjin District and the implementation of each project, the improvement of the integrated planning and infrastructure poverty alleviation project has a higher matching degree with the rural development, but the poverty alleviation project to improve the living environment is only 3.