基于遥感与区域化方法的无资料流域水文模型参数优化方法

针对无资料流域径流预报的难点, 探讨水文模型参数优化的共性问题, 综述区域化方法和遥感方法的研究现状。首先从水文模型参数优化面临的共性问题, 即水文地理数据生成、目标函数构建和优化方法选择等问题出发, 分析其对参数优选结果的影响, 并归纳出当前广泛认可的解决方案。然后结合区域化方法的技术原理和研究进展, 着重论述测站密度对区域化方法性能的影响, 并分析该方法在中国的适用性。接着从研究区域、水文模型结构、遥感资料以及率定目标等方面归纳总结遥感方法优化水文模型参数的最新研究进展。最后对区域化方法和遥感方法的优缺点及未来发展前景进行对比分析, 为中国无资料或缺资料流域径流预报实践提供参考。

Review of Regionalization and Remote Sensing Based Method forHydrological Model Parameters Calibration in Ungauged Basins

Challenges in calibration of hydrological model parameters in ungauged basins were discussed, and the latest advances in regionalization method and remote sensing based method were summarized. First, the common problems in the hydrological model calibration (derivation of hydrographic parameters, construction of objective function and selection of optimization method) and their influences on the results of parameter optimization) were analyzed and leading-edge solutions were then provided. Next, fundamental principles and study progress of regionalization method were introduced, and the importance of stream gauge network density of donor catchments for the streamflow prediction was emphasized. The advance of remote sensing based hydrological model calibration method was discussed in terms of model spatial domain, model structure, satellite data source, and calibration target. Finally, the advantages and disadvantages and the future development prospect between regionalization method and remote sensing based method were compared and analyzed, and potential practical strategies for continuous streamflow prediction in ungauged basins in China are suggested.