中国西北干旱地区水面蒸发力计算

采用甘肃省河西走廊及青藏高原辐射观测资料重新拟合辐射的计算公式,得到适合于海拔落差大、地形复杂的干旱地区计算蒸发力的修正彭曼公式。用此式和彭曼原式及欧阳海的修正方案分别计算了94站逐月和年水面蒸发力,然后按武威县南营水库和临泽县双来湖水库飘浮在水面和陆上的E-601蒸发器对比观测得出折算系数,将河西走廊和祁连山区15站E-601蒸发器的测值转换成大水面的蒸发量。与上述三种方案的计算值对比,本方案的相对误差最小,仅6.9%。彭曼原式偏大,欧阳海方案在高海拔地区偏小。

Estimation of Water Evaporative Power in the Northwestern Arid Areas of China

An improved Penman model is derived from refitting radiation estimating model according to radiation data obtained from Gansu Hexi Corridor and Qinghai-Xizang plateau to estimate evaporative power in the arid areas of great difference of elevation and complex terrain. The monthly and annual evaporative power in 94 stations are estimatied in the original Penman model, Oyanhai improved model and this model. After comparing with the observed evaporative power recorded at fifteen stations in the Hexi Corridor and the Qilian Mountains, the relative errors of this model is the minimum.