HCN channels: Structure, cellular regulation and physiological function |
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Authors: | C Wahl-Schott M Biel |
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Institution: | 1. Center for Integrated Protein Science CIPSM and Zentrum für Pharmaforschung, Department Pharmazie, Pharmakologie für Naturwissenschaften, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit?t München, Butenandtstr. 5–13, 81377, München, Germany
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Abstract: | Hyperpolarization-activated and cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) channels belong to the superfamily of voltage-gated pore loop channels. HCN channels are unique among
vertebrate voltage-gated ion channels, in that they have a reverse voltage-dependence that leads to activation upon hyperpolarization.
In addition, voltage-dependent opening of these channels is directly regulated by the binding of cAMP. HCN channels are encoded
by four genes (HCN1–4) and are widely expressed throughout the heart and the central nervous system. The current flowing through
HCN channels, designated Ih or If, plays a key role in the control of cardiac and neuronal rhythmicity (“pacemaker current”). In addition, Ih contributes to several other neuronal processes, including determination of resting membrane potential, dendritic integration
and synaptic transmission. In this review we give an overview on structure, function and regulation of HCN channels. Particular
emphasis will be laid on the complex roles of these channels for neuronal function and cardiac rhythmicity.
Received 22 August 2008; received after revision 22 September 2008; accepted 24 September 2008 |
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Keywords: | " target="_blank"> HCN channels pacemaker channels Ih dendritic integration sinoatrial node |
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