土壤和枯落物覆盖对林鼠捕食栓皮栎种子的影响

在伏牛山国家级自然保护区研究了覆盖处理下森林鼠类对建群种栓皮栎种子扩散和命运的影响,对人工释放种子分别设置了2cm土壤覆盖(SC)、5cm(LC)和10cm枯落物覆盖(HC)3种处理,探讨不同覆盖处理下贮食鼠类与森林种子间的作用机制,以期为制定南水北调水源区人工促进天然更新措施积累基础数据.结果发现:1)3种处理显著影响栓皮栎种子的留存,种子留存率由高到低始终为HC、SC、LC;2)HC处理的原地捕食(EIS)量显著低于其他两种处理,但3种处理间种子埋藏率未呈现显著差异;3)在SC下,动物更倾向于将种子搬运至(1,2]m,而在LC和HC处理下动物更倾向于将种子搬运至(5,10]m.结果表明,覆盖处理对伏牛山水源林建群种种子扩散动态、种子命运以及种子扩散距离均可产生显著影响,在直播造林时,对种子进行10cm枯落物覆盖可延缓动物发现的时间,这在一定程度上为非休眠性白栎类橡子提供了临时庇护并为种子萌发争取了"时间".

Effects of forest rodents on Quercus variabilis seed fate under soil and litter cover in Funiu Mountains

To explore the interaction mechanisms between rodents and dominant species regeneration in the Funiu Mountain Nature Reserve,which is also water source area of the south to North Water Transfer Project.The effects of forest rodents on seed dispersal and fate of Quercus variabilis under 2 cm soil cover(SC),5 cm litter cover(LC),and 10 cm litter cover(HC)were conducted by artificial released seeds in the Funiu Mountain Nature Reserve.The results showed that:(1)Survival dynamics of Q.variabilis seeds were significantly affected by the cover treatments.The survival rates of seeds from high to low is always HC,SC,LC.(2)the rate of seed eaten in situ under HC was significantly lower than the other two treatments,but no significant difference was found among the 3 treatments.(3)Seeds under SC were more likely carried to distance of(1,2]m,while the animals were more inclined to transport the seeds to the distance of the(5,10]m in the treatment of LC and HC.Therefore,10 cm leaf litter may protect Q.variabilis seeds to interference the feeding of the rodents and enhance their survival by making them more difficult to detect.This also strives for "time" for non-dormant white oak acorn to germinatein some sense.