聚季铵盐絮凝剂的合成及其性能的研究

本文以二叔胺与二卤代烃为原料合成了十四种聚季铵盐,讨论了不同原料对缩聚反应以及缩聚物结构对其絮凝性能的影响。通过絮凝效应的测定,探讨了这些聚季铵盐的絮凝特性和Zeta电位变化等。结果表明,对悬浮颗粒的电荷中和是聚季铵盐具有絮凝效应的重要原因之一。聚季铵盐和其它高分子絮凝剂类似,在溶液中对悬浮颗粒也具有架桥作用,因此,聚季铵盐分子量大小对絮凝效果也有一定影响。这类絮凝剂在中性、弱碱性且电解质浓度不高的溶液中絮凝效果较好。聚季铵盐化合物有可能成为具有实际应用价值的一类阳离子型有机絮凝剂。

Study on synthesis and properties of polyquaternary ammonium salts used as flocculant

A series of dibasic tertiary amines and dihalides have been used as raw materials for the synthesis of polyquaternary ammonium salts, a type of cationic polyelectrolytes usually known as ionic polymer, Which can be used as flocculating agents. From the results of the experiments, the condensation polymerisation reactions, taking place with different raw materials, are discussed. The factors influencing the formation, the structure and the molecular weight of the condensation polymers have been investigated.The characteristics of these ionic polymers were studied by determination of their flocculating effect. The influences upon flocculating effect by the presence of acid, base or other electrolytes in the water solution to be treated were also investigated. The variation of zeta potential of the colloid particles was measured and discussed.The experimental results indicated that the ability of these ionic polymers neutralizing the charges on the suspended particles is one of their important properties as flocculating agent. Like other macromolecular flocculants, there is also bridging of suspended charged particles under the action of these ionic polymers. Therefore, the molecular weight of them has some influence upon their effectiveness as flocculants. In neutral or weakly basic solutions and in solutions with other electrolytes in low concentrations, these ionic polymers give comparatively good results in water purification. So it is possible that they would be used as industrially applicable polycationie organic flocculants.