导电纤维的回顾与展望

本文综述了导电纤维的发展过程,并就导电纤维的发展方向进行了展望。早在五十年代,就开始了对合成纤维抗静电处理方法的研究,当时产品的性能尚不甚完善。七十年代发展的导电成份复合型导电纤维,是将含导电微粒的高聚物与成纤聚合物一起复合纺丝。所得纤维的性能良好。在进一步研究的基础上,导电成份覆盖型导电纤维也被开发。本文介绍了国内外研究较为深入的三种制备导电成份覆盖型导电纤维的方法。其一是在纤维表面形成聚毗咯层;其二为在纤维表面镀复金属层;其三在纤维表面发生化学反应,形成金属化合物覆盖层。实践中发现上述三种方法制备的导电纤维各有千秋。最后本文对导电纤维的发展方向作了展望,指出结构型的导电聚合物是导电纤维的发展方向。

A REVIEW ON CONDUCTIVE FIBRES

In this paper,the development of conductive fibres is reviewed and further forecast.The study ofantistatic treatment of synthetic fibres began in as early as 1950s,though the performance of fibrestreated was just so so.In 1970s,the conductive-component composition fibres were developed,the per-formance of which was satisfactory.On the basis of successive researches,fibres covered with conduc-tive-layer were developed,three preparation methods of which,studied at home and abroad,are intro-duced.The first is to form a polypyrrole layer on surface of fibre.The second is to metallize the surfaceof fibre.The third is to carry out chemical reaction on surface of fibre to form a metal compound lay-er.It has been found in practice that each of the three has its own characteristic.Finally,this paperpoints out that conductive polymer considering from molecular structure is the direction of the develop-ment of conductive fibres.