小果油茶农家品种花粉形态及亲缘关系分析

为进一步探讨小果油茶农家品种间的进化关系,对小果油茶农家品种的花粉形态及其与果实主要经济性状间的相关性进行了研究,并初步分析了小果油茶农家品种与其近缘物种间的亲缘关系。结果表明:小果油茶农家品种的花粉形态、极面观、赤道面观相似,均具有山茶属花粉的种属特征,但花粉粒表面纹饰特征呈现出明显的品种间差异。相关分析表明,小果油茶农家品种花粉粒极轴长(P)和P/E值(E赤道轴长)分别与果横径、果纵径、单果质量、果皮厚度、鲜果含油率、出仁率等果实主要经济性状间显著或极显著相关,与其他性状相关不显著。与36个山茶属物种花粉相比较,发现小果油茶农家品种的花粉粒大小与连蕊茶组、短柱茶组、糙果茶组、瘤果茶组、毛蕊茶组、原始山茶组、古茶组、金花茶组及茶组的大部分种相差甚远,但与油茶组和红山茶组的大部分种相似,表明小果油茶与油茶组和红山茶组的大部分种有较近的亲缘关系。

Analysis of pollen morphological difference and relationship of Camellia meiocarpa native varieties

In order to further discuss the evolutionary relationship among Camellia meiocarpa native varieties, the pollen morphology of C. meiocarpa native varieties and the correlation between pollen and main fruit economic traits were studied, and the relationship among C. meiocarpa native varieties as well as their close relative species was also analyzed in this study. Results showed that the pollen morphology, polar view and equatorial view of C. meiocarpa native varieties were similar and all possessed the species characteristics of Camellia pollen, but there were distinctive differences in pollen exine ornament. The results of correlation analysis showed that the polar axis length(P)and P/E (E equatorind axis)value of pollen was significantly or extremely related to the fruit width, fruit length, fruit weight, pericarp thickness, oil rate of fresh fruit and kernel rate of seed of C. meiocarpa, respectively. And no significant correlation was presented among other traits. Compared with the 36 species of Camellia, pollen morphology especially the pollen grain size of C. meiocarpa native varieties had significant differences with the species of Section Theopsis, Paracamellia, Furfuracea, Tuberculata, Camelliliopsis, Protocamellia, Archecamellia, Chrysantha and Thea. But the pollen grain size of C. meiocarpa native varieties was similar to the most species of Section Oleifera and Camellia, which indicated that C. meiocarpa has close genetic relationship with the species of Section Oleifera and Camellia.