钩叶藤材的增强-染色复合改性及其性能研究

为了提高低质钩叶藤(Plectocomia pierreana)材的强度及装饰性能,分别选用酸性染料、活性染料、碱性染料、直接染料与三聚氰胺改性脲醛树脂(MUF)复配制得增强-染色复合改性剂,对藤材进行真空加压浸渍改性处理,并对改性藤材的颜色及物理力学性能进行检测。结果表明:酸性染料与MUF复配改性藤材的染色效果最好; 染料的加入对树脂的增强改性作用几乎没有影响; 经增强-染色处理后,藤材密度提高67.91%～73.02%,抗弯强度提高47.41%～49.69%,抗弯弹性模量提高56.01%～57.59%,抗压强度和弹性模量平均提高50%以上。傅里叶红外光谱(FTIR)分析表明,MUF与染料复配染色过程中,染料未与藤材组分直接作用,而是与MUF结合形成盐固着于藤材内部,从而完成染色。经增强-染色改性后,钩叶藤材的密度增大,强度提高,装饰性能良好,大大提高了其利用价值。

Research of strengthening-dyeing modification of Plectocomia pierreana cane and its properties

To improve the strength and decoration performance of inferior Plectocomia pierreana cane, the strengthening-dyeing modifications were applied using vacuum pressure impregnation with the mixture of acid dye, reactive dye, basic dye and direct dye with melamine-urea-formaldehyde resin(MUF), respectively. The color and strength of the modified canes were than determined. Results showed that the acid dye compound with MUF resin had the optimum dyeing effect; the dye exerted little influence on the strengthening effect of resin modification. After modification, the increase of density, MOE and MOR of the cane lied in the range of 67.91%-73.02%, 56.01%-57.59% and 47.41%-49.69%, respectively. The increase of the compressive modulus and strength of the cane exceeded 50%. FTIR spectrum showed that the dye reacted with MUF resin, forming sulphonate, and then solidified inside the cane, instead of reaction with the cane composition directly. The modified cane exhibited higher density and strength, better decoration performance, and could be exploited for commercial utilization.