毛竹林经营投入产出关系与经营效益分析

基于福建、浙江和江西3个毛竹主产省8县192个农户毛竹种植地块投入产出数据,通过构建投入产出生产函数模型,定量分析了要素投入对毛竹林产出(竹材与竹笋)的影响,并在此基础上就不同区域与立地条件下毛竹林经营的经济效益进行了对比分析。结果表明:①用工投入成本与立地条件对毛竹成林后产出有显著的正面影响。平均而言,当期用工投入成本每增加1%,竹笋产值、竹材产值与总产值分别提高1.874%、0.492%和0.714%; 优等地的单位面积竹笋产值、竹材产值、总产值分别比劣等地的高429%、29.7%和49.0%; 中等地的分别比劣等地的高24.5%、29.2%和27.2%。②当期肥料投入对成林后毛竹林竹笋产值与总产值有显著的促进作用,而对竹材产值的影响并不显著。③不同区域之间毛竹经营的投入产出关系存在明显差异,在其他条件相同的情况下,不同县市之间毛竹经营投入产出有较大差异,这可能与不同地区之间毛竹经营的自然条件与经营技术存在较大的差异有关。④从单位面积毛竹林经营净效益指标来看,在当前市场和生产技术条件下,不同立地条件下毛竹林地经营效益有较明显的差异,而不同地区之间的差异并不明显。最后,从增加农户收入来看,应积极发展笋用毛竹林经营,但需要注重经营过程中的生态保护。

Study on the relationship between input,output and economic benefit of moso bamboo plantation

Using the input-output data of moso bamboo plantations collected from 192 households in 8 counties of Fujian, Zhejiang and Jiangxi Province, we estimated the input-output production function model of moso bamboo plantation, which was used to reflect the influence of inputs on outputs(bamboo stem and bamboo shoot), and then we discussed its economic benefit in different places and site condition. The results showed that:① Both annual labor input cost and site condition exerted a significant positive influence on the output. With the 1% increasing of annual labor input cost, the bamboo shoot production, the bamboo stem production and the total production respectively increased 1.874%, 0.492% and 0.714%, and the bamboo shoot production, the bamboo stem production and total production in high quality land were more higher than that in the poor quality land at 429%, 29.7% and 49.0%, respectively. These productions in medium quality land were higher than that in poor quality land at 24.5%, 29.2% and 27.2%, respectively. ② Fertilizer inputs cost exerted a appreciable positive effect on bamboo shoot production and further total production, but not on bamboo stem production.③ The relationship between input and output of moso bamboo plantation in different counties was extremely different, which might associated with the different natural condition and management technique in different places.④ From the annual economic benefit view, under the current market and management technique condition, the economic benefit of moso bamboo plantation in different site condition was extremely different. However, this was similar in different places. Finally, in order to increase the farme's income, the shoots-oriented moso bamboo plantations should be expanded, as well as the ecologic protection should be enhanced.