基于运力均衡与价格弹性的公路货运平均成本分析

针对传统公路货运平均成本分析中,不考虑运力结构转移和货运需求量结构性变化的预测方法所存在的不足,提出了通过按轮轴类型划分的公路货运交通量和车辆轴载谱调查,获取基年车辆装载量的概率密度分布函数,由主流车型的短期平均运输成本拟合得到公路货运车辆的长期平均运输成本函数,根据运力均衡的思想,使用长期平均运输成本模型和货运需求价格弹性模型对计划年分批量的公路货运需求量进行修正,在此基础上建立外部环境变化条件下计划年公路货运平均成本的求解模型。结合安徽省某高速公路的实际调查数据进行检验。结果表明,提出的测算方法可行、有效。

Highway average freight cost forecasting based on conveyance equilibrium and price elasticity

The changeability of truck configuration and freight demand configuration were often overlooked in the traditional highway average freight cost forecasting studies.To solve the problem,a new forecasting method was developed.The truckload probability functions of the prevailing truck configurations were got from the traffic volume survey and the axle load survey classified by truck wheel and axle type.The long-run average cost(LAC) function was got by the short-run average costs of the prevailing truck confi...