妊娠高血压征人胎盘床的子宫螺旋动脉

本文对20例(6例正常,14例妊高征)胎盘床子宫螺旋动脉进行光镜和电镜观察,发现妊高征的血管与正常妊娠的同类血管在形态上主要不同之处为:1、子宫肌层段血管中膜的平滑肌层保持完整,有时尚可见弹力膜结构。2、血管内膜增生及水肿,并造成血管狭窄或阻塞。3、血管壁的泡沫细胞明显地增多。由于妊高征的子宫螺旋动脉缺乏正常妊娠时血管应有的生理性变化及因内膜增生造成血管腔狭窄或阻塞,子宫对胎盘及胎儿的供血量将较正常妊娠时为少并引起例如胎儿宫内发育迟缓、胎盘梗死、早剥及胎盘后血肿等并发症。

Uterine Spiral Arteries in Maternal Placental Bed of Cases with Hypertensive Pregnancy

Uterine spiral arteries in maternal placental bed were examined in 20 cases Of pregnancy (6 with normal, 14 with hypertensive pregnancy) under light and electron microscopes. Comparing the spiral arteries in hypertensive pregnancy with corresponding ones in normal pregnancy, 1he following morphological differences were found: 1. In myometrial segment the smooth muscle layers of the vessel media were intact and the elastic laminae were present at times. 2. The intima was hyperplastic and edematous and consequently the vessel lumen became narrower or was obstructed. 3. Foam cells in vessel wall were distinctly increased. Since the uterine spiral arteries in hypertensive pregnancy, in contrast to the corresponding arteries in normal pregnaney, are lacking in physiolgical changes and since intimal hyperplasia can lead to narrowing or obstructing the vessel lumen, the blood supply to the placenta and fetus is thereby diminished and complications such as fetal growth retardation, placenta infarct, abruptio placentae and retroplacental hematoma result.