我国能源消费结构的现状及其优化

能源消费结构是否合理是衡量一个国家和地区经济发展状况的重要指标,同时也是评判一个国家经济发展是否具有可持续性的重要指标.我国是个"富煤、少油、短气"的国家,这就导致长期以来我国能源消费以煤炭为主,能源消费结构不够合理.以煤炭为主的能源消费结构带来一系列负面效应,最主要的是造成了环境污染;油气短缺极大地抬高了我国能源的对外依存度,对我国的能源安全造成极大危害;可再生能源具有非常广阔的前景,但体制、技术和成本等障碍重重.要优化我国能源消费结构,首先要立足我国煤炭资源丰富的现实,确立煤炭在我国能源消费结构中的基础地位,既要降低煤炭在能源消费结构中的比重,更要以不断降低终端能源消费中直接消费煤炭的比重为主要目标,通过运用洁净煤技术及煤变油等,使煤成为清洁能源;其次要大力发展油气产业,减轻我国油气的对外依存度;再次要高度重视可再生能源的开发和利用,通过改革体制、改进技术、降低成本等为可再生能源的大力开发和广泛运用创造良好环境.

Present Situation and Optimization of Energy Consumption Structure in China

Energy consumption structure reasonable is an important index to measure the status of a national and regional economic development. In the meantime it is an important index to evaluate a country＇s economic develop- ment sustainable. Our country is a ＂rich coal, less oil, less gas ＂country. For a long time, China＇ s energy consumption is coal-dominant, energy consumption structure is not reasonable. The coal-dominant energy consumption structure bring a series of negative effects,the most important thing is causing environmental pollution. Oil and gas shortage has greatly raised our dependence on foreign energy, causing great harm to our country＇s energy security. Renewable energy has extraordinary broad prospects, but is full of obstacles such as system, technology and cost. Optimization energy consumption structure in China must do the following： Firstly, based on the reality of China＇s abundant coal resources, establish the basis of the status of coal in China＇ s energy consumption structure. Using the cleaner coal technology and coal changing oil and so on, makes coal become the clean energy. Secondly, develop oil and gas industries vigorously, and reduce dependence on foreign oil and gas in our country. Thirdly, attache great importance to the development and use of renewable energy. Create a good environment for renewable energy development and widely using through the reform system, improving the technology, cost reduction, etc.