废旧锂离子电池中钴的酸浸出最佳条件探讨

摘要]钴作为废旧锂离子电池中高价值、重污染的金属成分，其回收非常重要．运用正交实验方法，以盐酸溶液为浸出液，分离回收废旧锂离子电池正极材料中的金属钴．实验设计冷凝回流装置，通过优化因素水平以使钴离子的浸出率达到最大化．研究结果表明，从电池中提取的黑色混合粉末（包括钴酸锂、乙炔黑）中浸出钴离子的最佳条件：盐酸质量浓度为4mol·L^-1，浸出温度为80℃，固液比（混合粉末的质量与盐酸体积之比）为5g·L^-1，浸出时间为2h．在此条件下，钴离子的浸出率达到99．6％．

Optimal Conditions of Cobalt Recovery by Acid Leaching from the Spent Lithium-ion Batteries

Abstract： The recycle of cobalt is very important. As it is the metallic element of high value with heavy air pollution in spent lithium-ion battery, the metal cobalt in spent lithium-ion battery cathode material is separated and recycled by hydrochloric acid as the leaching solution, and the orthogonal experimental method is employed. The condenser was designed, and cobalt-ion leaching rate was expected to reach the maximum value by optimizing the factors. The results show that the optimum process conditions of cobalt-ion leaching from the black powder （including Lithium cobalt oxide and acetylene black） are 4. 0 mol·L^-1 of hydrochloric acid concentration, 80 % of leaching temperature, 5 g·L^-1 of solid-liquid ratio and 120 min of leaching time. Under these conditions, leaching rate of cobalt-ion is 99.6%.