五种中草药提取液对细菌作用效果初探

选取银杏、厚朴、野菊花、苦参、石菖蒲五种中草药,利用95%酒精提取其活性成分,进行抑菌、杀菌活性测定.结果表明,在供试质量浓度0.05g/mL时,此五种中草药对大肠杆菌、枯草杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌率均在86%以上;在供试质量浓度0.01g/mL时,作用时间为5min,五种中草药对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌的杀菌率均在94.5%以上,杀菌效果显著.不同中草药对同一细菌的抑制作用有一定差异,同一中草药对不同细菌的抑制作用亦存在着较大差异.中草药的杀菌率随着浓度增大、着用时间延长,杀菌率随之增大.但五种中草药对枯草杆菌均无杀菌效果,其原因有待进一步探讨.

Discussion on the Effect of the Extract of five kinds of Chinese Herbs on Bacteria

The active constituents have been extracted by 95% alcohol from Ginkgo biloba,M.officinalias,D.indicum,Sophora flavescens ait and A.calamus.Then their antimicrobial activities and fungicidal activity were tested.The results showed that their inhibition ratio was above 86% with Escherichia coli,Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus when their mass concentration was 0.05g/mL,and their sterilizing rate was above 94.5% with Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus after 5 minutes when their mass concentration was 0.01g/mL.Their fungicidal effect was notable.There were some differences at the inhibitive effect of these chinese herb on the same bacteria.And there were larger differences at the inhibitive effect of the same chinese herb on different bacteria.The fungicidal ratio of chinese herb would increase with its concentration increasing or the reaction time prolonged.But there was no fungicidal effect on Bacillus subtilis and the reason need deep-seated discussion.