20世纪上半叶中国高等数学教育的体制化

1913年北京大学数学门招生标志着中国现代高等数学教育的正式开始，从这时到20年代末是中国高等数学教育体制的初创期，这一时期归国留学生在国内高校创建了不少的数学系，高校中还出现了一些数学方面的团体和刊物，到20年代末中国高等数学教育体制初见端倪。1930－1937年是中国高等数学教育体制的形成期，这一时期全国数学系的规模不断扩大，随着归国留学生的日渐增多，高校师资力量也得到了加强，高校数学教学思想和教学方法也日渐成熟（这主要以清华大学、北京大学和浙江大学等的算学系或数学系为代表），许多高校在教学的同时还进行数学研究，并且还有几所高校开始培养数学专业硕士研究生，到1937年抗战爆发前夕中国高等数学教育体制已基本上形成。1937－1949年中国高等数学教育体制又得到了进一步的发展。

A Study on the Institutionalization of China's Higher Mathematical Education in the First Half of the 20th Century

The recruiting of students by the Department of mathematics of Peking University in 1913 marked the beginning of higher mathematical education in China. The period from then to 1929 was the initial stage of the system of China's higher mathematical education. During this stage, returned students set up many methematical departments in domestic colleges and universities, and a number of organizations and publications on mathematics appeared in the colleges and universities. The system of higher mathematical education in China had begun to take shape in 1929. The period from 1930 to 1937 was the formative stage of the system of higher mathematical education in China.During this stage,the scale of mathematical departments in China witnessed uninterrupted expansion, the quantity and quality of college and university teachers were improved along with the increase of returned students, mathematical thinking and method for teaching in colleges and universities matured day by day as mainly represented by the mathematical departments of Tsinghua University, Peking University and Chekiang University, the teachers and students in a lot of colleges and universities developed mathematical research when they were engaged in teaching, and graduate students for the Master's degree in mathematics were trained in several universities. In a word, the system of higher mathematical education in China was formed in the main before the outbreak of the War of Resistance Against Japan in 1937. It got further development from 1937 to 1949.