种群间遗传距离与进化趋异

遗传距离是衡量种群间遗传分化程度和差异大小的数量指标。近年来,不仅在生物进化与物种形成方面,而且在分类学、生态学、人类学等很多领域都有广泛的应用。同时,在人类遗传研究中也受到越来越普遍的注意。本文阐述遗传距离的概念、估算原理及其应用,并将其与蛋白质变异有关的等位基因差异联系起来。在此基础上讨论最小遗传距离D_(min)、标准距离D和最大距离D_(max)的概念与公式。并结合实例进行分析与释义。

Genetic Diatance Between Populations and Evolutionary Divergence

Genetic distance is a quantitative measure of genetic differentiation anddiversity among populations. In recent years, it is extensively applied not only to the fields of evolution and speciation, but also in taxonomy, ecology,anthropology and so on. And it attracts more and more attention in humangenetic research. The concepts, pinciples and applications of genetic distanceamong populations are demenstrated, and the protein variation is linked toallelic differences in the paper. The concepts and formulas of minimum,standard and maximum genetic distance are discussed and the axperimentaldata is analysed and explained.