以生物质快速裂解液制备酚醛树脂泡沫塑料

生物质资源经过快速裂解得到的液体生物油,是未来替代石油的重要资源之一。该文以木焦油为原料,采用萃取法提纯浓缩制得酚类物质质量分数超过85%的木杂酚,其主要成分为邻甲氧基苯酚、对甲基苯酚等。这些物质与甲醛有良好的反应性;进而用w=50%的木杂酚替代苯酚制备了木杂酚改性酚醛树脂泡沫塑料,经正交试验确定反应的最佳条件。研究表明,NaOH催化剂的用量是制备甲阶酚醛树脂的关键因素,同时必须采用硫酸为催化剂才能制得该树脂泡沫塑料。利用不同的催化剂用量和发泡工艺可调节泡沫塑料的力学性能。在最佳条件下,可制得泡孔直径200μm左右,压缩强度为1 003.8 kPa,压缩模量25.37 MPa的泡沫材料,达到了国家酚醛泡沫塑料相关标准的要求。

Preparation of Phenolic Foam Plastics Based on Fast Paralytic Oil of Biomass

Liquid bio-oil converted from renewable biomass is one of the important alternatives to petroleum in the future. In this work, wood creosote with more than 85% enrichment phenolic compounds was obtained by extraction purification of the wood tar. The main ingredients of the creosote include guaiacol, para cresol, etc., which have good reactivity with formaldehyde. Then, w=50% of the wood creosote was used to substitute phenol for manufacturing wood creosote modified phenolic foam. The optimum conditions for preparing A-stage phenolic resin were determined by orthogonal test. It was found that the amount of NaOH catalyst was a key factor of preparing A-stage phenolic resin, and the curing of the foam plastics needed to use sulfuric acid as the catalyst. The foams-mechanical properties could be tailored by using different foaming processes. The amount of curing agent, foaming agents and foaming time and temperature exerted great influence on the foams properties. Under optimum conditions, a kind of foam with cell diameter of 200 μm, compressive strength of 1 003.8 kPa and modulus of 25.37 MPa was obtained, which satisfied the requirement of phenolic foam plastics of national standards.