重庆市农村饮用水水质状况调查与分析

通过对重庆市库区移民安置区域部分城镇的自来水厂、10个区县的农村饮用水以及三峡库区居民直接饮用水水质状况的调查,分析讨论了重庆市农村饮用水结构以及水质状况.结果表明重庆市农村饮用水水源类型以江河水和浅井水为主且供水方式存在安全隐患;水质状况在近几年较为稳定,但有部分地区存在细菌学指标严重超标现象.重庆市农村饮用水卫生的主要任务是控制致病微生物的污染,建议推广集中式饮水,且细菌学指标超标严重地区加强沉淀、过滤以及消毒管理,同时加强对各种形式水源饮用水的保护,提高安全饮水意识,完善农村饮用水安全监测体系.

Investigation and Analysis on State of Drinking Water in Rural Areas of Chongqing

The authors investigated the quality of drinking water in the following areas of Chongqing Municipality directly under the Central Government: some of the towns that are resettlement from the reservoir region, rural areas in 10 districts and area around the Three Gorges reservoir. Then the structure and quality of drinking water in rural areas were analyzed. The results indicate that river and shallow well are the prominent way that rural drinking water comes from, and it is potentially insecure for long term drinking water supply. In recent years it seems stable in some of the regions, in which the bacteriological indexes were higher than the normal standard. In order to control the pathogenic micro-organisms pollution of the drinking water in rural areas in Chongqing, the authors suggested that it is necessary to strengthen the sedimentation and filtration in rural area, and protect the drinking water from the pollution in the source, and most importantly, enhance the awareness of safety drinking. Finally, a dynamical and real-time monitoring system should be constructed to face the challenge of sudden event in public health.