杨官寨遗址土遗迹表面防风化保护材料研究

目的为了保护露天发掘的杨官寨遗址——中国首个发现的庙底沟时期完整环壕的大型聚落免受自然环境破坏,急需研究考古发掘现场遗迹表面防风化材料。方法通过实验室内测试分析,筛选并确定遗迹表面防风化材料种类、配方及施工工艺,然后应用于考古发掘现场加固实验。结果通过室内渗透加固效果、防雨抑菌能力及加固强度等方面的对比,确定采用加0.2%MP3005S保水剂的2%水性环氧作为现场遗迹的防风化材料。在杨官寨遗址发掘现场遗迹实际应用中发现,防风化材料能起到良好的保护作用。结论经过室内和现场的实验表明:添加0.2%MP3005S保水剂的2%水性环氧树脂能有效提高遗迹表面的强度,保证杨官寨遗址发掘现场遗迹考古信息的准确提取及其长久保存,可望推广应用到与杨官寨遗址相类似遗址表面防风化保护中,减小自然环境对遗迹的破坏。

Study on surface weather-resistant protective material of applied on the Yangguan Zhai Archaeological Site

Aim The Yangguanzhai Site,a large settlement with an intact moat in ancient Miaodigou period,was firstly found in China.After open-air excavation,the remains were destroyed by the factors of natural environment.In an effort to protect the remains,some surface weather-resistant protective material was urgently needed to be explored.Methods The exact surface weather-resistant materials,formula and the correspondent construction technology were decided based on massive laboratory tests and analysis.Furthermore the laboratory results were tested on the excavation site.Results By comparing the test results of penetration,rain-proof capabilities,bacteriostatic effects and reinforcement strengths it was decided that the 2% water-based epoxy resin with 0.2% MP3005S(water-retaining agent) could be used as the weather-resistant protective materials on Yangguanzhai Site.Conclusion The material of 2% water-based epoxy resin with 0.2% MP3005S can effectively increase the strength of the site surface,which ensures that the archaeological information can be accurately collected and conserved permanently.Moreover the material can be extensively applied in the surface weather-resistant protection of other soil sites similar to Yangguanzhai Site.