白沙学说“端倪”义研究

“端倪”是“心”之本体或端绪，指人在对善恶的自觉选择中本源意义上的向善倾向。白沙“端倪”与陆学的“本心”有着明显区别：陆学侧重通过各种功夫复其本心；白沙学说以养出“端倪”为进学之基本，重点在扩充功夫上。“端倪”与佛道两家所追求的虚静之心境也有差异。白沙先生坚决反对专寻书籍进行记诵的读书方法以及一味遵循外在具体的道德规范却没有内心真实体验的入学功夫。

Study on Meaning of ＂Duanni＂ in Baisha＇s Thought

＂Duanni＂, the noumenon or beginning of ＂mind＂, is an original tendency to seek for goodness in people＇s consciously choosing goodness or evil. There are obvious differences between ＂Duanni＂ of Confucian Chen Baisha and the ＂Original Human Nature＂ of Lu Jiuyuan＇s thought. While Lu Jiuyuan believed that the Original Human Nature could be revived through a lot of efforts, Chen Baisha advocated that the cultivation of ＂Duanni＂ should be the basis of learning to become a great man and the key point should be the efforts of spiritual improvement. Moreover, compared with the seeking of a peace and quiet condition of mind in Taoism and Buddhism, Chen Baisha＇s idea of ＂Duanni＂ has its unique meaning. Confucian Chen Baisha firmly opposed learning by carefully choosing books to read or study and merely adhering to the specific exterior code of ethics without any self-improvements of inward real experiences.