栽培方式对菠菜和生菜主要抗氧化物质含量和活性的影响

采用土培、基质栽培、水培3种栽培方式，以5个菠菜品种和5个生菜品种为研究对象，通过比较几个主要抗氧化指标（抗坏血酸（VC）、花色苷、总黄酮、总多酚含量和总抗氧化能力）的差异，探究了栽培方式对不同菠菜、生菜品种抗氧化物质含量和活性的影响.结果表明，不同栽培方式对菠菜VC含量有显著影响，菠菜VC含量由大到小依次为：水培>基质栽培>土培；栽培方式对菠菜花色苷含量和生菜VC含量没有显著影响；两种蔬菜的总黄酮、总酚含量、总抗氧化能力、鲜重，以及生菜的花色苷含量受栽培方式和品种的共同作用.其中，3个菠菜品种总抗氧化能力表现为基质栽培的显著大于土培和水培的；4个菠菜品种地上部分鲜重表现为土培的显著大于其他栽培方式；水培下3个生菜品种的地上部分鲜重显著高于土培和基质栽培.说明栽培方式可在一定程度上影响菠菜和生菜的产量和抗氧化品质，其中栽培方式对菠菜的影响较生菜的大.

Effects of cultivation methods on the contents and activities of the main antioxidants in spinach and lettuce

To compare the difference of three cultivation methods (soil culture, substrate culture, and hydroponic culture) on the contents and activities of main antioxidants in spinach and lettuce, five antioxidant indexes, namely, ascorbic acid (VC), anthocyanin, total flavonoids, total polyphenol content, and total antioxidant capacity, were analyzed in five varieties of each vegetable. The results showed that different cultivation methods had significant effects on the spinach VC contents. The VC content was the highest in spinach cultivated in hydroponics, then in substrate culture, and the lowest in soil culture. In contrast, cultivation methods had little, if any, effect on spinach anthocyanin content or lettuce VC content. In addition, cultivation methods and varieties jointly affected the total content of flavonoids, phenol, total antioxidant capacity, and fresh weight of both spinach and lettuce, as well as lettuce anthocyanin content. Among them, the total antioxidant capacity of 3 spinach cultivars grown in substrate culture was much greater than that of those grown in soil culture and hydroponics; 4 spinach varieties grown in soil culture had the greatest shoot fresh weight and 3 lettuce cultivars grown in hydroponics had the highest shoot fresh weight compared with other cultivation methods. Collectively, we propose that cultivation methods could affect the yield and quality of spinach and lettuce to some extent, and the cultivation methods may have a greater impact on spinach.