模拟湘江底泥铜对鳙鱼毒理组织学研究

为了评价湘江底泥重金属对鱼类的毒性毒理影响,模拟湘江底泥铜的水环境对鳙鱼进行了毒理实验,取其肝、肾、肠、心肌等组织进行石蜡切片,H·E染色的病理学观察,发现底泥铜可使鳙鱼的肾小管上皮细胞肿胀、变形、坏死,肾小球纤维化样变;肝细胞发生空泡化,小肠粘膜水肿,小肠绒毛上皮细胞层与固有层分离成空腔,杯形细胞急增。底泥铜为138.33mg/kg,染毒30天后,即可使内脏组织发生病变,随着实验浓度增加,时间延长,从可逆病变发展到不可逆变。初步确定底泥铜对鳙鱼的生物效应阈值为138.33mg/kg。

THE STUDY TOXICOLOGICAL HISTOLOGY OF Aristichthys nobilis POISONED BY THE SIMULATED HEAVY COPPER IN SEDIMENT OF XIANGJIANG RIVER

For appraising the influence of toxicity on fishes caused by the copper insediment from Xiang jiang River,it has been carried out a toxical experimentwith big head earp(Aristichthys nobilis)by a aqueous enviroment of simulated heavy metal copper in sediment of Xiang jiang River,having observation ofparaffin section,H.E colouring pathology of liver,intestines,kidney,heartmuscle and other tissues.It has been discovered that the vacuodization of livercells could be induced by copper and showed mere-necrocytosis.The renal tubuleappeared swelling or necroslis,the mucosa layer of intestines produced loca-lgranuloma,the epithelial cell layer of intestinum tenue villi separatedfrom its inherent layer to form an empty cavity and cupuliform cell increasedremarkably.The toxicity effect of organs could be induced by copper in sediments.After 30 days of 138.33mg Cu/kg sediment treatment,appeared the patho-logical change,and the reversible change turned into irreversible with theincrease of copper concentration in sediment and time.The thresholdconcentration of biological effecf of copper in sediments for the Aristichthysnobilis must be 138.33mg Cu/kg sediments.