高层住宅安全疏散设计与优化

运用火灾模拟软件FDS(fire dynamic simulation)及人员疏散仿真软件Pathfinder对某高层住宅内人员遇火灾时的安全疏散进行研究,并基于火灾模拟结果及疏散模拟结果提出安全疏散措施及方案.研究结果表明:火灾发生时,通过关闭建筑内部的防火门可有效阻止着火房间烟气的蔓延,增大出口宽度可有效减少人员疏散时间,采用不同的楼梯电梯协同疏散方案会导致疏散时间的不同.因此,对高层住宅业主加强火灾安全教育,在火灾发生时采取合理的疏散方案可有效提升住户的逃生率.

Safe evacuation design and optimization of high-rise residential buildings

In the case of high-rise residential fire, it is important to adopt measures and plans for safe evacuation of occupants. Here, fire simulation software (i.e., Fire Dynamic Simulation) and evacuation simulation software (i.e., Pathfinder) are used to study evacuation of occupants in a high-rise residential building under fire. Then evacuation measures and plans are proposed. Results show that when fire occurs, the spread of smoke can be effectively prevented by closing fire doors inside the building. Evacuation time can be reduced by increasing the width of escape exist, and different evacuation plans with the aid of elevators and stairs can lead to different evacuation time. Therefore, informing occupants in advance of useful measures and evacuation plans can effectively improve the escape rate when fire occurs.