Variations in upper water structure during MIS 3 from the western South China Sea

Core 17954 is located in the modern summer upwelling area in western South China Sea, its sediments recorded the variations of upwelling generated by East Asia Summer Monsoon (EASM) during MIS 3. Based on the strict age model of AMS 14C dating, the paleo-Sea Surface Temperature (SST) and Salinity (SSS) are reconstructed by pairing Mg/Ca-Paleothermometer and δ¹⁸o of planktonic foraminifera Globigerinoides ruber (white s.s.). Results show that in Core 17954, the δ¹⁸O record of G.ruber has significant millennium fluctuations as the δ¹⁸O records from NGRIP icecore and Hulu Cave stalagmites, this indicates that the climate changes of western SCS contains both signals from High Latitude of Northern Hemisphere as well as EASM. In order to get more information on upwelling changes, previous records of thermocline and foraminiferal primary productivity in Core 17954 are collected, restudied and compared. Five distinct shallowing periods of thermocline (referred to as S1−S5) are identified in this study. In S1−S4, SST is lower and productivity is higher, these indicate to an enhanced upwelling and strengthened EASM during these periods. And the lower SSS, caused by increasing precipitation or fresh water input, also prove this standpoint.