长雄野生稻紫色柱头性状的遗传和基因定位研究

 由花青素合成代谢形成的紫色柱头性状在包括长雄野生稻在内的AA基因组野生稻中较为普遍.为研究长雄野生稻中的紫色柱头性状,以具无色柱头的亚洲栽培稻品种RD23为轮回亲本与紫色柱头的长雄野生稻进行回交,经胚挽救和多代连续选择,获得3个柱头颜色有分离的BC₆F₁定位群体.这些群体中,柱头颜色均适合1(紫色):1(无色)的分离比例,表明紫色柱头性状受一对显性核基因控制.通过微卫星标记分析,将控制紫色柱头的基因定位在水稻第6染色体上,距标记RM₂₅₃,RM111和RM6917分别为2.5,0cM和4.4cM.对比已发表的紫色柱头基因座位,它可能与来自亚洲栽培稻的Ps-4(t)基因等位,所以暂命名为Ps-4(t).

A genetic study on the purple stigma genes and their locations in Oryza longistaminata

The purple stigmas,which were caused by the metabolism of anthocyanins,were normal among all AA genome wild rice species including Oryza longistaminata.To study the purple stigmas in O.longistaminata,backcrossing was applied between the donor parent O.longistaminata with achromatic stigmas and recurrent parent RD23 with purple stigmas,and after embryo rescue and consecutive backcrossing three BC₆F₁ populations that showed character segregation in stigma color were finally got.In all BC₆F1 populations,the segregation raito of purple stigma to achromatic stigma was 1: 1,suggesting that the purple stigma was controlled by a pair of dominant allele.An analysis using microsatellite markers (SSR) demonstrated that the target gene located on the No.6 chromosome which was 2.5 cM,0 cMand 4.4 cMfrom RM253,RM111 and RM6917,respectively.After comparing its position and effect to those published data,this gene might be allelic to Ps-4(t),which was identified from O.sativa.