基于人口流动视角的城乡家庭地震灾害认知与响应能力比较分析——以陕西陇县为例

提升民众的地震灾害认知与响应综合能力,能有效降低地震灾害对社会经济造成的损失。采用问卷调查的方法,考虑人口流动因素,对陕西陇县城乡家庭地震灾害认知与响应能力进行调查研究。结果表明:城镇家庭人口流动较少,成员文化水平整体较高,对地震灾害认知能力较好;乡村家庭青壮年群体多数流出务工,留守成员对地震灾害知识、自救互救技能掌握不足。城镇家庭成员组成中青壮年群体占比较大,能够使用先进的通讯及交通工具,但参与地震宣传与应急演练情况不足,备灾物品观念落后;乡村家庭成员生活环境封闭,观念保守,对地震宣传与应急演练认识片面,震时对外来救援依赖性强,地震灾害响应能力不够理想。

Urban and Rural Households Earthquake Disaster Awareness andResponsiveness Comparative Analysis Based on PopulationMobility Perspective:Take Longxian,Shaanxi as Example

The enhancement of public earthquake disaster awareness and responsiveness can effective reduce the loss of economic society caused by earthquake.Utilize the method of questionnaire survey,take the population mobility factor into account,conduct the investigation and research on the urban and rural households earthquake disaster awareness and responsiveness in Longxian,Shaanxi.Results show that the population mobility of urban households is relative low,the cultural level of household member is relative high and the integral level of earthquake disaster awareness is relative good.The majority of young adult group in rural households are migrant workers,the remaining members have insufficient earthquake disaster knowledge and self-rescue and mutual-rescue skills;the young adult group is in the majority of urban household member composition,they can use advance communication and transportation means,but their participations in earthquake propaganda and emergency exercises are insufficient,the concept of disaster preparedness items lags behind.The living environment of rural household member is closed,their concepts are conservative,the awareness of earthquake propaganda and emergency exercises is one-sided,they has strong dependent on external rescue when earthquake occurs,the earthquake disaster responsiveness is bad.