金属原子二维平面蒸发动力学过程的数值模拟

金属蒸发产生原子束技术在材料科学、超导及光学器件，特别是原子激光同位素分离中得到充分应用。为分析激光分离同位素中电子枪加热金属高温蒸发过程中原子束的密度、速度及温度分布特性，采用由Ｂｏｌｔｚｍ ｍ ａｎ 方程而来的ＢＧＫ 方程，对长槽型坩埚的二维平面蒸发动力学过程进行数值模拟。着重研究了原子蒸气束空间自由蒸发的特性以及Ｋｎｕｄｓｅｎ 数（Ｋｎ 数）变化时，蒸气原子物理参数的变化。关于空间自由蒸发的研究结果与采用Ｍｏｎｔｅ Ｃａｒｌｏ 方法模拟的结果符合得很好。

Numerical simulation dynamic process of 2-D metal evaporation

Technology of atomic flow produced through metal evaporation is widely utilized in such fields as material science, superconduct, optical device, especially in atomic vapor laser isotope separation (AVLIS). In order to analyze the density, velocity and temperature distribution of the atomic flow produced through metal evaporation in AVLIS, BGK equations were used to simulate the process of 2 D metal evaporation from long, narrow crucible. The focal point was put on the changes of physical parameters of atomic vapor during the changes of atomic evaporation characteristics and of Knudsen number. The results fit them of Monte Carlo simulation very well.