冬眠哺乳动物的体温调节

哺乳动物是一类具有高代谢率的恒温动物,它们可通过自身体内氧化代谢产热在较大的环境温度范围内维持高而相对恒定的体温,其体温具有周期性节律变化的特征。冬眠是动物在进化过程中形成的一种应对寒冷、食物缺乏等恶劣环境的生物学习性。冬眠时动物的体温会大幅度下降,这种低体温是动物主动调节的。冬眠的哺乳动物,不论是在冬眠季节还是非冬眠季节,表现出的体温都是在中枢神经系统调节下产热和散热效应综合作用的结果,其机理和产热特征一直是研究的热点。概括叙述了冬眠哺乳动物在活跃季节、入眠过程以及冬眠季节体温调节的特点;恒温哺乳动物体温调节的假说及其发展;冬眠哺乳动物的体温调节;以及对近年来人们关注的热点问题TRP通道进行简要的综述。

Thermoregulation of hihernant mammals

Mammal is a kind of homothermous animals with high metabolic rate.They can keep relatively high body temperature under a large extent of ambient temperature via oxidation metabolism.Hibernation is a biological habit formed during evolution which can cope with cold,food shortage and the other kind of hash conditions.The body temperature was dramatically reduced during hibernation season;the decrease of body temperature was precisely controlled.The body temperature of hibernating mammal,no matter in hibernation season or in non-hibernation season,was the result of comprehensive effects between heat production and which were regulated central nervous system.This paper reviewed the characters of body temperature regulation of hibernators in active season and hibernation season.The patterns and hypothesizes of body temperature regulation in homothermous mammal and TRP channel,which received a great deal of interest,were also briefly introduced in this paper.